What is a common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction?

Mechanical bowel obstruction occurs when there is a physical blockage in the intestines that prevents the normal passage of contents. One of the most frequent causes of mechanical bowel obstruction is a hernia. A hernia occurs when an intestinal segment protrudes through a weakened area in the abdominal wall or cavity, leading to compression and obstruction of the bowel.

This physical displacement can entrap segments of the intestine, restricting blood flow and leading to further complications like necrosis if not treated promptly. Conditions such as adhesions from prior surgeries, tumors, or volvulus (twisting of the intestine) also contribute to mechanical bowel obstruction, but hernias are often highlighted as a significant cause due to their prevalence.

In contrast, a paralytic ileus is a functional obstruction caused by a lack of gastrointestinal motility rather than a physical blockage, and a spinal cord injury may lead to functional issues in bowel motility rather than direct mechanical obstruction. Dietary fiber, while important for digestive health, does not cause mechanical obstruction but rather helps prevent it by promoting regular bowel movements. Hence, hernias stand out as a primary mechanical cause of bowel obstruction.